Mesotherapy has revolutionized the world of advanced aesthetic treatments due to its versatility and effectiveness in addressing various issues, from cellulite to hair loss. While it offers multiple benefits, there are also risks, contraindications, and side effects that must be carefully considered before undergoing this procedure. In this comprehensive article, we will delve into all aspects of mesotherapy, its potential complications, and answer the most frequently asked questions to ensure this content is the most complete resource in its category.
What is Mesotherapy?
Mesotherapy is a non-surgical medical-aesthetic treatment that involves the administration of superficial microinjections to introduce active substances into the middle layer of the skin, known as the dermis. This procedure is widely used in the field of aesthetic medicine to address a variety of concerns related to facial rejuvenation, localized fat reduction, cellulite, and hair growth stimulation.
The technique was developed in 1952 by French physician Michel Pistor, who initially used it to treat medical issues such as chronic pain and vascular disorders. Over time, mesotherapy evolved into an advanced aesthetic treatment, valued for its ability to address multiple aesthetic concerns with a minimally invasive approach.
How Does Mesotherapy Work?
Mesotherapy is based on the concept of delivering active ingredients directly to specific areas to be treated, bypassing the digestive or general circulatory system. This method maximizes the effectiveness of the substances and minimizes systemic side effects.
The procedure involves microinjections using ultra-fine needles to precisely reach the dermis. The substances injected can include:
- Vitamins: Help revitalize and nourish the skin, promoting its natural regeneration.
- Minerals and amino acids: Essential for collagen and elastin synthesis.
- Hyaluronic acid: Deeply hydrates and improves skin elasticity.
- Lipolytic drugs: Used to dissolve localized fat in areas such as the abdomen, thighs, or double chin.
- Coenzymes: Help optimize the metabolic functions of cells.
- Natural extracts: Such as artichoke or ginkgo biloba, used to stimulate circulation and combat cellulite.
Types of Mesotherapy
There are different types of mesotherapy depending on the treatment goals. Here are the most common:
Facial Mesotherapy
Focused on improving skin quality on the face, reducing fine wrinkles, expression lines, and signs of fatigue. It’s ideal for rejuvenation and achieving a natural “glow” effect.
Body Mesotherapy
Designed to target specific areas of the body with localized fat or cellulite. It helps tone and firm the skin in areas such as the abdomen, thighs, buttocks, and arms.
Hair Mesotherapy
Aimed at stimulating hair follicles to combat hair loss. It is widely used for androgenetic alopecia or seasonal hair loss.
Key Benefits of Mesotherapy
- Personalization: The combination of active substances can be tailored to the specific needs of each patient, making it a highly versatile treatment.
- Quick Results: While several sessions are needed for optimal results, many people notice improvements after the first few applications.
- Low Invasiveness: Compared to surgical treatments like liposuction or facelift, mesotherapy is far less invasive, with significantly shorter recovery times.
- Complementarity: It can be combined with aesthetic devices like radiofrequency, ultrasound, or cavitation to enhance its benefits.
Contraindications of Mesotherapy
Although mesotherapy is a safe and effective treatment when performed by trained professionals, it is not without contraindications. These limitations are crucial to ensuring patient safety and minimizing the risk of complications. Below are the main situations where this procedure is not recommended, along with the reasons behind these restrictions.
General Contraindications of Mesotherapy
1. Pregnancy and breastfeeding
Mesotherapy is contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding due to the lack of conclusive studies on the effects of the injected substances on the fetus or baby. Although many of the ingredients used are safe for adults, there’s no guarantee they won’t affect the child’s development.
2. Autoimmune diseases
Patients with conditions such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, or multiple sclerosis should avoid mesotherapy. The injected substances may trigger adverse immune responses, worsening the patient’s condition.
3. Uncontrolled diabetes
In individuals with diabetes, especially if poorly controlled, mesotherapy may increase the risk of infections and hinder the healing of microinjections.
4. Active cancer
Mesotherapy is contraindicated in patients with cancer due to their compromised immune state. Additionally, the substances used could negatively interact with oncology treatments.
5. Blood clotting disorders
People with coagulation problems, such as hemophilia, or those taking anticoagulants, have a higher risk of extensive bruising or prolonged bleeding after the procedure.
6. Epilepsy
In epileptic patients, any invasive treatment may trigger seizures. Mesotherapy is no exception and is therefore not recommended in these cases.
Dermatological Contraindications
1. Active skin infections or lesions
Any active skin infection, such as severe acne, open wounds, ulcers, or boils, is an immediate contraindication for mesotherapy. Microinjections can spread bacteria and worsen the infection.
2. Sensitive skin or allergy-prone skin
Patients with extreme skin sensitivity, such as atopic dermatitis or eczema, are at higher risk of developing irritation or adverse reactions to the procedure.
3. Active or recurrent cold sores
Herpes simplex, especially in its active phase, is a contraindication because the injections could trigger a more severe outbreak or spread the virus to other areas of the face.
4. Hypertrophic scars or keloids
People prone to developing keloids or hypertrophic scars should avoid mesotherapy, as microinjections can stimulate abnormal scarring.
Contraindications Related to Allergies or Medications
1. Allergies to the components used
Before undergoing mesotherapy, it is essential to identify possible allergies to the substances to be injected, such as lidocaine, vitamins, lipolytic drugs, or natural extracts. A severe allergic reaction, such as anaphylaxis, can be dangerous.
2. Use of immunosuppressants
Patients taking medications to suppress the immune system (e.g., after organ transplants) are at higher risk of infections after the procedure.
3. Corticosteroid treatments
Chronic use of corticosteroids can interfere with tissue regeneration processes, reducing the effectiveness of mesotherapy.
Pre-Treatment Medical Evaluation: Key to Avoiding Complications
To ensure the treatment is safe, it is crucial for an aesthetic doctor or dermatologist to conduct a thorough review of the patient’s medical history before the first session. This process should include:
- 1. Complete medical history review: Including current illnesses and medications in use.
- 2. Allergy testing: If there is any doubt about the patient’s tolerance to mesotherapy ingredients.
- 3. Skin diagnosis: Assessing skin condition and ruling out active infections or lesions.
What Happens if Contraindications Are Ignored?
Ignoring these contraindications can lead to severe complications, such as:
- • Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis).
- • Infections in treated areas.
- • Worsening of autoimmune or dermatological conditions.
- • Hematomas or permanent scarring.
The contraindications of mesotherapy should not be taken lightly, as disregarding them can compromise the patient’s health and treatment results. Although it is a safe and effective technique in most cases, it is not suitable for everyone.
It is essential to choose a qualified professional and undergo a thorough pre-treatment consultation to identify potential risks. This way, patients can enjoy the benefits of this advanced aesthetic treatment with complete safety and confidence.
FAQ: Frequently Asked Questions About Mesotherapy
What is mesotherapy, and how does it work?
Mesotherapy is an advanced aesthetic treatment that involves injecting small doses of active ingredients (vitamins, minerals, hyaluronic acid, among others) directly into the middle layer of the skin (dermis). This procedure stimulates cell regeneration, improves skin quality, reduces localized fat, or combats issues such as cellulite and hair loss.
How many mesotherapy sessions are needed to see results?
The number of sessions varies depending on the treatment goal and the patient’s individual characteristics. Typically, 6 to 10 sessions are recommended to achieve visible and long-lasting results. Sessions are usually scheduled once a week or every two weeks, depending on the personalized plan designed by the professional.
Is mesotherapy painful?
Most patients describe mesotherapy as a minimally painful procedure. The microinjections may cause slight discomfort, but ultra-fine needles are used to minimize pain. Additionally, in some cases, a numbing cream is applied before treatment to further reduce discomfort.
What are the most common side effects?
The side effects of mesotherapy are usually mild and temporary. Common ones include:
- • Redness in the treated area.
- • Small bruises or hematomas.
- • Mild swelling.
- • Itching or temporary sensitivity.
These symptoms generally subside within a few days.
Who should not undergo mesotherapy?
Mesotherapy is not suitable for people with the following conditions:
- • Pregnancy or breastfeeding.
- • Autoimmune diseases or active cancer.
- • Uncontrolled diabetes.
- • Allergies to the components used in the treatment.
- • Blood clotting disorders or use of anticoagulants.
It is essential to have a preliminary consultation with an aesthetic doctor to rule out any contraindications.
Can mesotherapy be combined with other aesthetic treatments?
Yes, mesotherapy is highly complementary to other aesthetic treatments. It can be combined with procedures such as:
- • Radiofrequency: To firm the skin.
- • Cavitation: To enhance localized fat reduction.
- • Chemical peels: To improve facial skin quality.
These combinations enhance results and allow the treatment to be tailored to the patient’s needs.
How long do the results of mesotherapy last?
The results of mesotherapy can be long-lasting but not permanent. The duration depends on factors such as lifestyle, diet, and regular maintenance. To prolong the effects, maintenance sessions are recommended every 1 to 2 months, along with adopting healthy habits such as a balanced diet, proper hydration, and regular exercise.
